THE FIELD GUIDE

Well and septic: what to ask before buying

Private water and wastewater systems deserve their own review, separate from the house inspection.

An 850-gallon concrete septic tank with two round access lids sits in an excavation before backfilling.
Quebec, Canada

Gather the records

Ask for the well record, past water tests, maintenance history and available septic-system documents. Identify the actual type and location of each system.

Check condition and capacity

Use qualified local professionals to assess the systems and their suitability for the intended occupancy. Water quality, water quantity and wastewater capacity are different questions.

A private water well, blue pressure tank and connected pipes stand inside a wire fence below a rural house.
Technical well example · United States

Look at the surrounding land

Ask the professionals about nearby activities and conditions that could affect the water supply or system performance. Avoid relying on a single visual inspection of the property.

Understand your responsibilities

Request a practical maintenance plan and confirm local requirements. Budget for ongoing care and potential repairs using advice specific to the system.

Read the source

This guide offers questions to take to local professionals. Requirements depend on the jurisdiction and the particular property.

Health Canada: protecting and maintaining a well ↗